Skip to main content

Reverse charge squeezes out small firms


The new indirect tax regime is having an effect akin to setting a cat among pigeons for micro and small businesses across the country. This is largely due to a provision for collecting and paying tax on behalf of unregistered vendors and suppliers, under what is termed the reverse charge mechanism (RCM).
A concept borrowed from the service tax, the RCM also now applies to supply of goods. However, higher compliance cost, including a larger working capital requirement, is causing a shake-out in the procurement chain of businesses. The smaller ones, operating largely in the unorganised space, are losing. Consider: Large companies in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) space have started pruning their vendor list for sourcing products and services, weeding out small suppliers which are yet to register under the goods and services tax (GST). The remaining ones — barely 10 per cent of their vendor universe — have been put on notice.
In the textile hub of Tirupur in Tamil Nadu, many companies are discouraging supplies from household units, managed by family members on a part-time basis. Larger textile and leather-making units in Tamil Nadu are looking at starting of job work activities in-house, as against the usual practice of outsourcing these to micro and small units. The trigger is the 18 per cent tax on job work that larger units will now have to bear under the RCM when they source from these units.
Textile & leather clusters In Tirupur, roll-out of the new indirect tax regime over the past two weeks has resulted in transactions coming down by 25-30 per cent. The impact is more visible on the large number of household units.
Around 25 per cent of units in Tirupur or 50,000-odd households work as suppliers for large companies, says Raja M Shanmugham, president of the Tirupur Exporters’ 
Association (TEA). Registering under the GST would also be tough for many of these micro units, as they might not have all the documents or wherewithal to complete the procedure, say local entities.
So, many large companies which have been giving job work to these units are looking at setting up their own units for such activity. Shanmugham says job work attracts 18 per cent GST, compared to the five per cent tax for processes up to compacting. “Activities like embroidery and stitching are in the 18 per cent slab, a great anomaly,” he says. The TEA has requested the central government to look into this issue. The suppliers who source from unregistered small units note that they also have to foot the tax upfront. Whereas, they will get the money from the buyer only after three to four months.
The owner of one large unit says he has taken a list of his suppliers and asked all those not registered under GST to get this done or face the risk of their contracts getting cancelled. Currently, 90 per cent of large- and medium-sized units in Tirupur have complied with the GST registration requirements.
The situation is similar for small units in the leather industry. In Vellore district in Tamil Nadu alone, there are around 200 such units, focusing on job work for the footwear industry. Faced with heat from suppliers to get GST-registered, most of these say they might find it difficult to sustain over a period of three to four months. Many of the micro units have a single owner-cum-employee and are not able to fully comprehend the tax filing mechanism. Chemical clusters In the chemical clusters of Gujarat, in and around Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Surat, most of the entities have already migrated to organised procurement. Rupen Patel, proprietor of a small-scale textile unit in the walled city area of Ahmedabad, says RCM was a big deterrent for his unit to continue procurement of chemicals for processing from the unorganised players.
He began negotiations in June for procurement for processing from organised entities. “We had to stall our procurement and production for at least a fortnight before we made the transition,” says Patel. This has, of course, had an impact on the margins, due to renegotiations with new suppliers. Even so, it was important for availing of input tax credits, he says.
Most small chemical units in Vadodara are aware of the composite levy scheme under the GST. “We are a very small unit, with limited manpower. It is taking us some time to set things in order,” says the owner of one of these. He plans to opt for the scheme by the end of the month. FMCG Most large fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies have sent out circulars on a strict note to their vendor partners, to get GST-registered. So, the issue of dealing with unregistered vendors is lower here. 
Conversations with multiple companies and stakeholders reveal the larger players have been able to prune their vendor universe, drastically bringing down their dependence on unregistered ones.
“The problem for us comes with those people who are outside our vendor system,” says Sunil Kataria, business head, India and Saarc, at Godrej Consumer. He is referring to the wholesale channel that remains largely unorganised, accounting for 35-40 per cent of an FMCG company’s sales. Companies are now working with these through their distributors, to convince them on switching to a GST regime.
At a broader level, says Sumit Malhotra, managing director, Bajaj Corp, companies are also trying to reduce their dependence on the wholesale channel, pushing their own distributors to reach retailers directly.
“Demonetisation was a wake-up call for companies to reduce their dependence on wholesale, since this channel tends to be cash-led,” says Malhotra. “This effort will now gather steam after the GST.”
In Tirupur, rollout of the new indirect tax regime over the past two weeks has resulted in transactions coming down by 2530 per cent. The impact is more visible on the large number of household units.
Around 25 per cent of units in Tirupur or 50,000odd households work as suppliers for large companies, says RajaMShanmugham, president of the Tirupur Exporters´ Association (TEA). Registering under the GST would also be tough for many of these micro units, as they might not have all the documents or wherewithal to complete the procedure, say local entities.
So, many large companies which have been giving job work to these units are looking at setting up their own units for such activity.
Shanmugham says job work attracts 18 per cent GST, compared to the five per cent tax for processes up to compacting. “Activities like embroidery and stitching are in the 18 per cent slab,agreat anomaly,” he says. The TEA has requested the central government to look into this issue.
The suppliers who source from unregistered small units note that they also have to foot the tax upfront.
Whereas, they will get the money from the buyer only after three to four months.
The owner of one large unit says he has takenalist of his suppliers and asked all those not registered under GST to get this done or face the risk of their contracts getting cancelled.
Currently, 90 per cent of largeand mediumsized units in Tirupur have complied with the GST registration requirements.
The situation is similar for small units in the leather industry.
In Vellore district in Tamil Nadu alone, there are around 200 such units, focusing on job work for the footwear industry.
Faced with heat from suppliers to get GSTregistered, most of these say they might find it difficult to sustain overaperiod of three to four months.
Many of the micro units haveasingle ownercumemployee and are not able to fully comprehend the tax filing mechanism.
Chemical clusters
In the chemical clusters of Gujarat, in and around Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Surat, most of the entities have already migrated to organised procurement.
Rupen Patel, proprietor ofasmallscale textile unit in the walled city area of Ahmedabad, says RCM wasabig deterrent for his unit to continue procurement of chemicals for processing from the unorganised players.
He began negotiations in June for procurement for processing from organised entities.
“We had to stall our procurement and production for at leastafortnight before we made the transition,” says Patel.
This has, of course, had an impact on the margins, due to renegotiations with new suppliers.
Even so, it was important for availing of input tax credits, he says.
Most small chemical units in Vadodara are aware of the composite levy scheme under the GST. “We areavery small unit, with limited manpower.
It is taking us some time to set things in order,” says the owner of one of these.
He plans to opt for the scheme by the end of the month
FMCG
Most large fastmoving consumer goods (FMCG) companies have sent out circulars onastrict note to their vendor partners, to get GSTregistered.
So, the issue of dealing with unregistered vendors is lower here.
Conversations with multiple companies and stakeholders reveal the larger players have been able to prune their vendor universe, drastically bringing down their dependence on unregistered ones. “The problem for us comes with those people who are outside our vendor system,” says Sunil Kataria, business head, India and Saarc, at Godrej Consumer.
He is referring to the wholesale channel that remains largely unorganised, accounting for 3540 per cent of an FMCG company´s sales.
Companies are now working with these through their distributors, to convince them on switching toaGST regime.
At a broader level, says Sumit Malhotra, managing director, Bajaj Corp, companies are also trying to reduce their dependence on the wholesale channel, pushing their own distributors to reach retailers directly.
“Demonetisation wasawakeup call for companies to reduce their dependence on wholesale, since this channel tends to be cashled,” says Malhotra.
“This effort will now gather steam after the GST.”
The  Business Standard, New delhi, 17th July 2017

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Household debt up, but India still lags emerging-market economies: RBI

  Although household debt in India is rising, driven by increased borrowing from the financial sector, it remains lower than in other emerging-market economies (EMEs), the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) said in its Financial Stability Report. It added that non-housing retail loans, largely taken for consumption, accounted for 55 per cent of total household debt.As of December 2024, India’s household debt-to-gross domestic product ratio stood at 41.9 per cent. “...Non-housing retail loans, which are mostly used for consumption purposes, formed 54.9 per cent of total household debt as of March 2025 and 25.7 per cent of disposable income as of March 2024. Moreover, the share of these loans has been growing consistently over the years, and their growth has outpaced that of both housing loans and agriculture and business loans,” the RBI said in its report.Housing loans, by contrast, made up 29 per cent of household debt, and their growth has remained steady. However, disaggregated data sho...

External spillovers likely to hit India's financial system: RBI report

  While India’s growth remains insulated from global headwinds mainly due to buoyant domestic demand, the domestic financial system could, however, be impacted by external spillovers, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) said in its half yearly Financial Stability Report published on Monday.Furthermore, the rising global trade disputes and intensifying geopolitical hostilities could negatively impact the domestic growth outlook and reduce the demand for bank credit, which has decelerated sharply. “Moreover, it could also lead to increased risk aversion among investors and further corrections in domestic equity markets, which despite the recent correction, remain at the high end of their historical range,” the report said.It noted that there is some build-up of stress, primarily in financial markets, on account of global spillovers, which is reflected in the marginal rise in the financial system stress indicator, an indicator of the stress level in the financial system, compared to its p...

Retail inflation cools to a six-year low of 2.82% in May on moderating food prices

  New Delhi: Retail inflation in India cooled to its lowest level in over six years in May, helped by a sharp moderation in food prices, according to provisional government data released Thursday.Consumer Price Index (CPI)-based inflation eased to 2.82% year-on-year, down from 3.16% in April and 4.8% in May last year, data from the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) showed. This marks the fourth consecutive month of sub-4% inflation, the longest such streak in at least five years.The data comes just days after the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Monetary Policy Committee cut the repo rate by 50 basis points to 5.5%, its third straight cut and a cumulative reduction of 100 basis points since the easing cycle began in February. The move signals a possible pivot from inflation control to supporting growth.Food inflation came in at just 0.99% in May, down from 1.78% in April and a sharp decline from 8.69% a year ago.A Mint poll of 15 economists had projected CPI ...